Maritime Electronic Books (ERB): The Future of Ship Record-Keeping

In today’s digital era, the maritime industry is rapidly shifting from traditional paper logbooks to Maritime Electronic Record Books (ERB). These digital solutions offer enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and compliance, ensuring that vessels meet international regulations while streamlining daily operations.

What Are Maritime Electronic Books (ERB)?

Electronic Record Books (ERB) are digital versions of traditional logbooks used aboard ships to record essential data such as voyage details, engine performance, oil record entries, and crew activities. These systems replace outdated paper logs with automated, secure, and tamper-proof digital solutions.

Why Are Electronic Record Books (ERB) Essential for Modern Shipping?

  1. Regulatory Compliance: Approved by the IMO (International Maritime Organization) and compliant with MARPOL, SOLAS, and STCW regulations, ERBs ensure vessels meet international maritime safety and environmental standards.
  2. Enhanced Accuracy: Digital logs reduce human errors, ensuring precise data entry and record-keeping.
  3. Real-Time Access: Cloud-based ERBs enable remote monitoring, allowing shipowners, operators, and regulators to access records anytime, anywhere.
  4. Cost-Efficiency: By eliminating paper records, storage, and administrative costs, ERBs offer significant savings for shipping companies.
  5. Environmental Sustainability: Going digital reduces paper waste, aligning with global sustainability goals.

Key Features of a Robust Maritime Electronic Record Book

  • Automated Data Entry & Reporting
  • Tamper-Proof Records with Blockchain Technology
  • Integration with Ship Management Systems
  • User-Friendly Interface & Multi-Device Access
  • Regulatory Compliance & Audit-Ready Reports

How to Transition from Paper Logbooks to Electronic Record Books

  1. Choose a Certified ERB Solution: Ensure the system is IMO-approved and meets maritime regulations.
  2. Train Crew & Personnel: Provide proper training on using ERBs effectively.
  3. Integrate with Existing Ship Systems: Ensure seamless connectivity with onboard sensors and reporting tools.
  4. Conduct Trial Runs: Test the ERB before full implementation.
  5. Ensure Cybersecurity Measures: Protect digital logs from unauthorized access and cyber threats.

The Future of Maritime Electronic Record Books

With increasing regulatory pressure and the rise of smart shipping technologies, Electronic Record Books (ERBs) are set to become the industry standard. Digital transformation is no longer an option but a necessity for efficient, compliant, and sustainable maritime operations.

Looking for a Reliable Maritime Electronic Book Solution?

At Shipip Ltd, we specialize in providing cutting-edge Maritime Electronic Record Book (ERB) solutions that comply with international regulations and enhance operational efficiency. Contact us today to learn how we can help your fleet transition to digital logkeeping seamlessly!

#MaritimeElectronicBooks #ERB #ShipLogbooks #DigitalShipping #IMOCompliance #SmartShipping #MaritimeTechnology

 


In recent years, several flag administrations have authorized the use of Electronic Record Books (ERBs) on vessels registered under their flags, aiming to enhance compliance, reduce administrative burdens, and support environmental sustainability. Below is a summary of notable developments:

1. Marshall Islands

In April 2023, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) Maritime Administrator authorized the use of MARPOL electronic record books provided by LJ Yacht & Commercial Services. This authorization allows RMI-flagged yachts to transition from paper-based logbooks to secure, tamper-proof digital versions, ensuring compliance with international maritime pollution prevention standards.

yachtingventures.co

2. Panama

As of May 2023, the Panama Maritime Authority established a regulatory framework permitting the voluntary use of Electronic Record Books on Panamanian-flagged vessels. These electronic books must adhere to the technical specifications outlined in IMO Resolution MEPC.312(74), covering records such as the Oil Record Book, Crew Roll Book, Bridge Logbook, and Ballast Water Record Book.

marineregulations.news

3. Gibraltar

In June 2023, the Gibraltar Maritime Administration issued guidance on the use of electronic record-keeping systems (E-logs) for both statutory and non-statutory records. The guidance specifies system requirements, approval processes, and operational protocols to ensure the reliability and security of electronic records on Gibraltar-registered vessels.

marineregulations.news

4. Isle of Man

In November 2023, the Isle of Man Ship Registry published a technical advisory notice outlining requirements for the acceptance of SOLAS Electronic Log Books on Isle of Man-registered ships. The notice details technical standards, approval procedures, and additional considerations to facilitate the transition from paper-based to electronic logbooks, enhancing operational efficiency and compliance.

marineregulations.news

5. United States

In January 2024, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) approved ABS Wavesight’s eLogs software for deployment on U.S.-flagged ships. This approval aligns with the USCG’s initiative to permit electronic recording of operations required under MARPOL Annexes I, II, V, and VI, providing a digital alternative to traditional paper logbooks and aiming to reduce administrative burdens and enhance data accuracy.

safety4sea.com

6.Singapore

The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) has permitted the use of electronic logbooks, including deck and engine logbooks, on Singapore-registered ships since 2015. Shipping Circular No. 7 of 2015 provides guidance on the implementation and use of these electronic logbooks, ensuring they meet the necessary standards and requirements.

classnk.or.jp

7. Malta

Transport Malta has accepted the use of electronic record books (e-RBs) for MARPOL-related record-keeping on Malta-flagged vessels. Technical Notice MARPOL.11 Rev.1, issued on August 8, 2023, outlines the administration’s requirements for the use of e-RBs. Shipowners opting for e-RBs must ensure the electronic system complies with IMO Resolution MEPC.312(74) guidelines. Approved systems will receive a “Declaration of MARPOL Electronic Record Book,” which must be kept on board for regulatory surveys and inspections.

transport.gov.mt

8. Cyprus

The Republic of Cyprus has embraced digitalization in maritime operations. While specific circulars regarding electronic record books were not detailed in the provided sources, Cyprus has shown a trend toward accepting electronic documentation, as evidenced by its acceptance of electronic certificates issued by recognized organizations. Shipping companies are encouraged to consult with the Deputy Ministry of Shipping or their recognized organizations for specific guidelines and approved systems related to electronic record books.

classnk.com

9. Greece

The Hellenic Coast Guard has issued circulars related to maritime security and operations. However, specific information regarding the authorization of electronic record books on Greek-flagged vessels was not found in the provided sources. Shipping companies should consult directly with the Hellenic Coast Guard or the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Insular Policy for the most current guidelines and approvals concerning electronic record books.

classnk.com

These developments reflect a growing trend among flag administrations to embrace digital solutions, facilitating compliance with international regulations and promoting environmental sustainability in maritime operations.


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In a significant move to enhance maritime safety and operational standards, RightShip has announced a phased reduction in the vessel inspection age trigger for dry bulk and general cargo vessels. The current threshold of 14 years will be systematically lowered to 10 years through a four-phase implementation plan:

  • Phase 1 (2025): Inspection age reduced to 13 years.
  • Phase 2 (2026): Further reduction to 12 years.
  • Phase 3 (2026): Lowered to 11 years.
  • Phase 4 (2027): Final reduction to 10 years.

This decision reflects RightShip’s commitment to proactively addressing safety concerns associated with aging vessels, as data indicates a higher incident and detention ratio in vessels exceeding 10 years of age. The phased approach allows shipowners and operators ample time to adjust budgets, train crew, and plan for inspections.

rightship.com

 In conjunction with the updated inspection age policy, RightShip has released version 3.1 of its Inspection Ship Questionnaire (RISQ). This revision incorporates clarifications and enhancements, including:

1. Operation and Maintenance Training: New Guidelines for Hatch Cover Operations

Proper maintenance and operation of hatch covers are critical to ensuring cargo integrity and vessel safety. RISQ v3.1 emphasizes the importance of incorporating emergency hatch cover operation procedures into the ship’s manual. This includes training crew members to handle scenarios where standard hydraulic systems may fail. The guidelines recommend the availability of portable electric or hydraulic pump units for emergency situations and stress regular drills to ensure crew proficiency in manual operations.

ibicon.ru

 2. Welding and Gas Burning Equipment: Updated Protocols Aligning with Current Industry Standards

The updated questionnaire underscores the necessity for welding and gas burning equipment to be in good order and properly stored. This entails regular inspections, maintenance, and adherence to safety protocols to prevent accidents. Proper storage of such equipment is crucial to mitigate risks associated with gas leaks or accidental ignition.

ibicon.ru

 3. Pilot Ladder Safety: Revised Guidelines Emphasizing Additional Safety Measures

Pilot transfer arrangements are vital for safe maritime operations. RISQ v3.1 provides comprehensive guidelines to ensure pilot ladders are correctly rigged and maintained. Key points include:

  • Proper Securing: Ladders should be secured to designated strong points on the deck, avoiding the use of shackles or other devices that transfer weight to the steps instead of the side ropes.

  • Equipment Integrity: Regular inspections should be conducted to identify and replace worn-out or damaged steps, spreaders, and side ropes.

  • Storage Practices: Ladders must be stored away from direct sunlight and harsh weather conditions to prevent material degradation.

  • Compliance with Standards: All pilot ladders should meet SOLAS requirements and IMO guidelines to ensure safety during pilot transfers.

These measures aim to reduce the high rate of non-conformities related to pilot ladders, which have been identified in over 16% of inspections.

rightship.com

 By adhering to these updated guidelines, shipowners and operators can significantly enhance vessel safety, ensure compliance with international standards, and promote the well-being of their crew and pilots.

These updates aim to provide a comprehensive inspection standard for dry bulk shipping, assisting managers in strengthening safety performance and preparing vessels for inspection.

store.rightship.com

 RightShip’s proactive measures underscore its dedication to elevating safety standards and promoting sustainable maritime operations. Shipowners and operators are encouraged to familiarize themselves with the revised inspection protocols and questionnaire to ensure compliance and uphold the highest standards of maritime safety.


The U.S. Coast Guard is set to publish this week its final rule covering maritime security regulations by establishing minimum cybersecurity requirements for U.S.-flagged vessels, outer continental shelf facilities, and facilities subject to the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 regulations. This final rule addresses current and emerging cybersecurity threats in the marine transportation system by adding minimum cybersecurity requirements to help detect risks and respond to and recover from cybersecurity incidents.

In a final rule scheduled for publication in the Federal Register, the Department of Homeland Security through the Coast Guard aims to enhance cybersecurity within the marine transportation system. The proposal includes mandates to create and uphold a Cybersecurity Plan, appoint a Cybersecurity Officer, and implement various strategies to ensure cybersecurity is maintained. Additionally, the Coast Guard is inviting feedback on a possible extension for the implementation timelines for U.S.-flagged vessels.

The final rule aims to protect the marine transportation system from cybersecurity threats by establishing minimum cybersecurity requirements. These requirements are designed to detect, respond to, and recover from risks that could lead to transportation security incidents (TSIs). The rule specifically targets risks arising from the increased interconnectivity and digitalization of the marine transportation system, addressing current and emerging cybersecurity threats to maritime security.

The Coast Guard noted that with this final rule, it has to finalize the requirements that were proposed in the notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM), ‘Cybersecurity in the Marine Transportation System,’ published last February 22. The agency also responded to the public comments that we received to the NPRM and made several clarifications regarding the regulatory framework.

The Cybersecurity Plan must include seven account security measures for owners or operators of a U.S.-flagged vessel, facility, or outer continental shelf facility enabling of automatic account lockout after repeated failed login attempts on all password protected IT systems; changing default passwords (or implementing other compensating security controls if unfeasible) before using any IT or operational technology (OT) systems; and maintaining a minimum password strength on IT and OT systems technically capable of password protection.

It also covers implementing multi-factor authentication on password-protected IT and remotely accessible OT systems; applying the principle of least privilege to administrator or otherwise privileged accounts on both IT and OT systems; maintaining separate user credentials on critical IT and OT systems; and removing or revoking user credentials when a user leaves the organization.

The U.S. Coast Guard outlined that the Cybersecurity Plan also must include four device security measure requirements. They are developing and maintain a list of any hardware, firmware, and software approved by the owner or operator that may be installed on IT or OT systems; ensure that applications running executable code are disabled by default on critical IT and OT systems; maintain an accurate inventory of network-connected systems including those critical IT and OT systems; and develop and document the network map and OT device configuration information.

Additionally, the Cybersecurity Plan must include two data security measure requirements that ensure that logs are securely captured, stored, and protected and accessible only to privileged users, and deploy effective encryption to maintain confidentiality of sensitive data and integrity of IT and OT traffic when technically feasible.

The U.S. Coast Guard prescribed that owners or operators of U.S.-flagged vessels, facilities or outer continental shelf facilities must also prepare and document a Cyber Incident Response Plan that outlines instructions on how to respond to a cyber incident and identifies key roles, responsibilities, and decision-makers amongst personnel.

Furthermore, owners or operators must also designate a Cybersecurity Officer (CySO) who must ensure that U.S.-flagged vessel, facility, or outer continental shelf facility personnel implement the Cybersecurity Plan and the Cyber Incident Response Plan. The CySO must also ensure that the Cybersecurity Plan is up-to-date and undergoes an annual audit. The CySO must also arrange for cybersecurity inspections, ensure that personnel have adequate cybersecurity training, record and report cybersecurity incidents to the owner or operator, and take steps to mitigate them.

The Coast Guard estimates that this final rule creates costs for industry and government of about US$1.2 billion total and $138.7 million annualized, discounted at 2 percent (2022 dollars). This increased estimate from the NPRM is primarily driven by increases to our estimates of costs related to cybersecurity drills, exercises, and penetration testing. Cost estimates are also increased due to updated affected population data.

The final rule also notes that its benefits include reduced risk and mitigation of cyber incidents to protect impacted entities and downstream economic participants, and improved protection of marine transportation system business operations to build consumer trust and promote increased commerce in the U.S. economy. Additional benefits include improved minimum standards of cybersecurity to protect the marine transportation system, which is vital to the nation’s economy and national security, and to avoid supply chain disruptions.

The U.S. Coast Guard also requires owners and operators of U.S.-flagged vessels, facilities, and outer continental shelf facilities to segment their IT and OT networks, and log and monitor connections between them. Based on information from CGCYBER, CG-CVC, and NMSAC, network segmentation can be particularly difficult in the marine transportation system, largely due to the age of infrastructure in the affected population of U.S.- flagged vessels, facilities, and outer continental shelf facilities. The older the infrastructure, the more challenging network segmentation may be.

The document also laid down that it will require owners and operators of U.S.-flagged vessels, facilities, and outer continental shelf facilities to limit physical access to IT and OT equipment; secure, monitor, and log all personnel access; and establish procedures for granting access on a by-exception basis.

Last July, the DHS’ Office of Inspector General (OIG) published a final report identifying that the U.S. Coast Guard has made progress in enhancing the cyber posture of the marine transportation system by establishing maritime cybersecurity teams over the past two years, in line with statutory requirements. Based on its findings, the report proposes four recommendations to improve the Coast Guard’s cyber readiness and precautions to secure the U.S. supply chain. The DHS has concurred with four recommendations.

 

Source : Industrial Cyber


As Industry 4.0 continues to redefine operations, the lines between Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) systems are increasingly blurred. Marine terminals now face unique cybersecurity risks to both types of systems, each requiring tailored defenses.

IT Systems: Protecting Data and Networks

IT systems manage critical business data and communication infrastructure. Cybersecurity risks for IT systems include malware, phishing attacks, and data breaches. Employing strong network security protocols, regular software updates, and staff training are essential for safeguarding sensitive data.

OT Systems: Securing Operational Processes

OT systems, which control equipment and automation at marine terminals, face distinct risks. These include attacks on Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and vulnerabilities in legacy systems. Protecting OT involves ensuring real-time monitoring, regular upgrades, and physical security to prevent unauthorized access.

Best Practices for Marine Terminals:

  • For IT systems: Implement multi-factor authentication, regularly update software, and train employees to spot phishing attempts.
  • For OT systems: Maintain an inventory of all assets, update outdated systems, and ensure secure remote access.

With both IT and OT systems now interconnected, a unified approach to cybersecurity is crucial. Protecting these systems is not just about safeguarding data but also ensuring the continued safe operation of critical infrastructure.


Modern commercial ports are a critical infrastructure which is highly dependent on information systems. The security of a port thus relies on the integrity of both physical and cyber assets. Despite evidence that ports are becoming targets for hackers, whose attacks can affect both cyber and physical assets and halt operations, too many ports have inadequate cybersecurity. Physical threats, incidents, and accidents to the physical assets (e.g., terminals, gates, buildings) of the maritime infrastructures or cyber threats and attacks to the cyber assets (e.g., Port Community Systems, navigation systems) can jeopardise the maritime operations, disrupt supply chains and destroy international trade and commerce.

 

https://rusieurope.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/cybersecurity-in-maritime-critical-infrastructure-crimson-report-english.pdf


  • IMO Adopts Revised Action Plan to Combat Marine Plastic Litter
    On February 6, 2025, the International Maritime Organization’s Sub-Committee on Pollution Prevention and Response agreed on the draft 2025 Action Plan to Address Marine Plastic Litter from Ships. The plan is set for approval by the Marine Environment Protection Committee in April 2025.

  • Nine Countries Join IMO’s GreenVoyage2050 Program
    Announced on February 6, 2025, nine nations have been selected as partners for the IMO’s GreenVoyage2050 program, which supports the implementation of the 2023 IMO Greenhouse Gas Strategy.

  • IMO Secretary-General Urges Enhanced Efforts to Reduce Shipping Emissions
    In October 2024, IMO Secretary-General Arsenio Dominguez called for increased action from the shipping industry to cut carbon emissions, emphasizing the need for immediate and comprehensive measures to meet the IMO’s emission reduction targets.

  • IMO Mandates Reporting of Containers Lost at Sea
    Starting January 1, 2026, the IMO will require mandatory reporting of all containers lost at sea, aiming to enhance maritime safety and environmental protection.

  • IMO Condemns Attacks on Ships in the Red Sea
    In May 2024, the IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee adopted a resolution condemning attacks on vessels in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, calling for an immediate end to these “illegal and unjustifiable” actions.


Shipbuilding and Deliveries

  • Fincantieri Delivers LNG-Powered Cruise Ship to TUI Cruises: Fincantieri has handed over the first of two low-carbon cruise ships to TUI Cruises. The vessel is powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG), marking a significant step toward sustainable cruising.

Market Trends

  • South Korea Leads in January Shipbuilding Orders: South Korean shipyards secured orders totaling 900,000 compensated gross tons (CGT) for 13 ships in January, accounting for 62% of global orders. This surge is attributed to contracts for LNG dual-fuel container ships.
  • Decline in Ship Recycling Prices Anticipated: The ship recycling market is experiencing downward pressure on prices due to ongoing tariffs and counter-tariffs. Industry experts predict a continued decline in the first half of 2025.

Environmental Initiatives

  • Canadian and European Ports Collaborate on Energy Transition: Canada’s Halifax Port Authority has announced an investment of up to $17 million, including $15 million dedicated to developing the Halifax-Hamburg green shipping corridor, aiming to enhance sustainable maritime practices.

Regulatory and Political Developments

  • Trump Administration Plans 25% Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum Imports: The U.S. government has announced intentions to impose a 25% tariff on all steel and aluminum imports, including those from Mexico and Canada, potentially impacting shipbuilding and repair costs.

Security and Incidents

  • Tanker Explosion at Russian Port of Ust-Luga: A tanker suffered an engine room explosion at the Russian port of Ust-Luga. Investigations are ongoing to determine the cause and assess the impact on port operations.

🔒 Strengthening Maritime Cybersecurity: The Importance of OT Inventory for Ships 🚢

With evolving cybersecurity regulations like the IMO’s MSC-FAL.1/Circ.3 and upcoming EU NIS2 Directive, ships must enhance their Operational Technology (OT) security to prevent cyber threats. A crucial step in compliance and risk mitigation is maintaining an accurate OT inventory.

📌 Why is OT Inventory Important?

Regulatory Compliance – Authorities require clear documentation of OT assets onboard.
Vulnerability Management – Knowing what systems exist helps identify security risks.
Incident Response – A complete inventory speeds up recovery from cyber incidents.
Network Segmentation – Mapping OT systems helps separate critical assets from IT networks.

🔹 How to Build an Effective OT Inventory?

Identify & Categorize – List all OT systems (e.g., ECDIS, VDR, engine control, ballast systems).
Document Connectivity – Map each device’s network connections to spot potential weak points.
Assess Cyber Risks – Regularly evaluate vulnerabilities and update security measures.
Monitor & Update – Keep inventory updated to reflect new installations or modifications.

🌍 Take Action Now!
With cyber threats rising in maritime operations, a well-managed OT inventory is a key first step to ensuring compliance and safeguarding your vessel. Start today to protect your fleet from cyber risks!


Recent reports indicate a significant escalation in cyber threats targeting the maritime industry. Marlink’s Security Operations Center observed a sharp increase in malicious activities during the first half of 2024, with over 23,400 malware detections and 178 ransomware incidents. Phishing remains the primary method attackers use to breach corporate networks, and there’s a notable rise in sophisticated botnet attacks leveraging AI to target IoT devices.

In response to these growing threats, the International Maritime Cyber Security Organisation (IMCSO) has been established. This non-profit entity aims to standardize cybersecurity risk assessments across the maritime sector. IMCSO offers certification programs for security consultants and maintains a professional register to assist shipping organizations in selecting qualified personnel. Additionally, it will validate and standardize report outputs, storing them in a central database accessible to authorities and third parties for assessing vessel risk.

These developments underscore the critical importance of robust cybersecurity measures in maritime operations. Organizations are urged to stay vigilant, update their security protocols, and invest in advanced threat detection capabilities to safeguard their operations against evolving cyber threats.


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